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"It will take place, and this is probably a matter of months, the issue of financing of our welfare. It will probably include the participation of imports. "In two sentences, the head of state made it clear that social VAT probably figure prominently in its program during the next presidential campaign. The mechanism is to fund Social Security by a consumption tax, so among other products imported from countries practicing "social dumping". In exchange, the contributions that affect the cost of labor is lightened, in order to gain competitiveness – a leitmotif of the presidential intervention on Thursday night. Social VAT is not exactly a topic that shares the political class on the line right to left as usual low fee payday loans.Manuel Valls, only the PS, is favorable, as the centrist Jean Arthuis or UMP Jean-Francois Cope and Valérie Pécresse, Xavier Bertrand and others in the majority are reluctant, fearing an inflationary effect, so a loss of purchasing power of households.

The president has however ruled out any attempt at protectionism to fight against offshoring. Establish tariffs would "make sense", he decided, in a clear allusion to the "de-globalization" praised by Arnaud Montebourg.

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Almost non-existent on the high end, Renault plans to return in the race with his partner allemandMercedes, one of the kings of that class. So far, we knew that French was working with his ally on a Nissan platform technique to manufacture both its future high-end, but the Megane compact, and vehicles of similar size in Japanese. But this platform – which targeted 1.5 million cars a year, will be extended to Daimler, the maker of Mercedes. "There will be a common platform between the three: Renault-Nissan and Daimler," said Thursday Carlos Ghosn, the CEO of Renault-Nissan, during a dinner with journalists.

Result, "you move from one platform from 100,000 to 200,000 cars a year" for the high-end Renault, "a platform of 2 million cars.It is no longer the same challenges: cost, quality and performance are not the same, "says the owner of the manufacturer. On this platform, Renault will build the replacement of Space and the Koleos 4 × 4, but also a "range" is replacing both the Laguna and Vel Satis. Laguna does not know the fourth generation: the new vehicle still under wraps, will be greater. These cars are mainly produced in the factory in Douai, France, but also outside Europe, possibly in Korea. They emerge from late 2014 and 2016.

Meanwhile, Renault plans to launch "a vehicle developed with Daimler," on a platform of German, said Carlos Ghosn."I do not think it would be very realistic to say that Renault, which has the ambition to develop a more expanded upper range, will not consider one way or another with some potential collaborations Mercedes for at least one model so ", he had already slipped to Frankfurt Motor Show in September savings account payday advance. Renault-Nissan and Daimler already designing future joint small Twingo and Smart (set in 2014) and a commercial vehicle for Mercedes. The construction of a compact Infiniti, Nissan's premium brand, based on an architecture provided by the group to the star, is also seriously considered.

Amortization of costs

With Mercedes, Renault hopes to succeed where he failed himself. The launch of a vehicle requires high-end development costs very high, particularly disappointing that the volume of Renault failed to dampen.After stopping production in 2009 of the Vel Satis, the diamond was sold last year that 53,000 Laguna, Koleos 39,000 and 17,000 area.

While the three champions of the category-BMW, ​​Audi and Mercedes-emit spectacular margins, the high-end Renault "is the weakest part of our operation, which is not normal," says Carlos Ghosn, who believes that in this area, the French "can hardly do less."

Carlos Ghosn, the partnership between Renault-Nissan and Daimler-each holds 3.1% of the other-is an "opportunity" not to let go upmarket. Daimler, "very smart", is contributing "to the maximum" French in the development of Smart, as the engineers' know we will do better than them. " Conversely, "do not say is that we can do it all on the high end. You must use the skills of Mercedes, "he says.

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Is credible but not to frighten. It was a difficult equation that would solve the government well aware that he must adapt its economic forecasts for 2011 and 2012, now too optimistic. The air hole world of activity in the spring, the debt crisis of July Greek and diving markets in August have persuaded it would be impossible to achieve 2% growth this years and 2.25% next year born, as previously envisaged.

"It would be irresponsible to ignore the current situation," hammered François Fillon. The government wanted to be as realistic as possible. He expects GDP growth of 1.75% in 2011, "because it takes even more cautious for next year," 1.75% also in 2012.

The deficit to 4.5% in 2012

These new figures are in line with what experts expect. Few saw growth reach the 2% this year. Even fewer were those who planned the event feasible for 2012. For next year, the forecasts of economists from banks for the time range from 1% to 2%. The Consensus Forecasts, which synthesizes a fortnight believes, anticipates 1.7%.

That market pressure, which monitor the slightest faux pas of public finances, and this downward revision of growth that led the government to provide additional savings efforts, without waiting for the presentation of the bill Finance for 2012 in late September.

The austerity measures – the government refuses to call "rigor" – will lead an effort to one billion euros this year and above 11 billion euros in 2012.This amount will break down next year, 10 billion in additional revenue and $ 1 billion of savings on expenditure. Not to mention spending another billion set aside to "deal with any contingency."

All this should enable France to reduce its public deficit of 5.7% of GDP in 2011 to 4.5% in 2012 – a final goal "a little more ambitious" than was expected previously. Enough to hold the European commitments and keep the famous "AAA" rating that allows the country to finance its debt with low interest rates.

"We are taking steps that do not break the growth (…) and strengthen the tax and social justice," said the Prime Minister.One of the most emblematic devices decided Wednesday by François Fillon and Nicolas Sarkozy is to tax the very high incomes so "exceptional" – to return to 3% deficit, is in principle in 2013.

But it will also count with a new movement of the plane 10% tax loopholes, increasing tobacco prices, higher taxes on savings and real estate gains, lower exemptions from employer contributions on overtime or a plan amendment to postpone the income tax (see below). The French now know what to expect …

How to make the Greek economy to become as competitive as the German? Nothing simpler. "I guess the teachers of vocational schools and skilled craftsmen to retire would be willing to be sent (in Greece) fixed-term" is to suggest the European Commissioner for Energy, German Günther Oettinger in an interview with the Hamburger Abendblatt. "We hope that the German economic culture will allow transfer to Greece," said simultaneously the Minister of Economy, Philipp Rösler, also Vice Chancellor Merkel's government as head of the Liberal party.

The Minister of barely 38 years of Vietnamese origin, embodies the virtues of miscegenation and he is proud payday loans for bad credit. Philipp Rösler considers that there is no reason why the methods used to shore up the former communist East Germany do not work in favor of Greece.His words, the hints of cultural imperialism, appear a bit naive. But they clearly reflect a large part of public opinion in Germany. And after all not ready do we not have to Jean Monnet, one of the founding fathers of Europe, this formula, "If it again, I would start with culture"? It's now or never to try.

• Krys up big on Sun's

With Ray-Ban sunglasses, Sonia Rykiel or Armani 20% to 25% cheaper than the competition, the optician's Mon has seduced those who care about their spending, not to mention fashion. The group teaches Krys, an industry leader, was mostly created in 2009 to "anticipate the future perspective" with the rise of Internet players, the price will weigh more in the choice of this product . Fifteen stores Mon's, which also offer own branded glasses, are open this year, bringing the total to 30, while Krys already provides 200 points of sale in 2015.

• Total station experiences cheap

For over a year, the oil company is testing stations at low prices: 35 sites at baseline and 45 today – a fleet of approximately 2,000 outlets in total teaching, both in that city rural areas.Prices are likely to compete with supermarkets. For now, the group has not yet decided whether to extend the scheme. It will decide by the end of the year. The stations are scratched Total test, but it is not excluded that the group, he continues the adventure, is launching a new brand.

• Banks and insurers are betting on the Internet

They reject the term "low cost", but apply much revenue. In recent years, banks and insurance companies through subsidiaries disclaim Internet offerings of financial services at bargain prices and a la carte. ING Direct, the subsidiary of Dutch bank insurer, launched in 1997 this model of online banking. In France, Societe Generale offers a comprehensive range of services via Boursorama. Crédit Agricole target customers for its part with its private banking heritage online BforBank.As for the insurers, Groupama reserves its offer car insurance "Pay as you drive" customers of its subsidiary Amaguiz.

• Renault continues to expand the range of the Logan

Since its launch in 2004, the success of low-cost car for Renault, the only Western manufacturer to attempt the challenge, continues to grow. The group passed last year 685,000 low-cost vehicles, or 26% of its sales. Best of all, they bring him an operating margin above 6%. Logan began with the rustic to 7600 euros, the range now includes six models, the Sandero and the small 4 × 4 Duster. Originally designed for emerging countries, it paradoxically creates a strong demand in Europe, where it is marketed under the Dacia brand, produced in Romania. Tanger Factory (opening in 2012) will manufacture two new variations.Internationally, the range, made locally, is sold under the Renault brand. It is the spearhead of the group's expansion in Russia and Latin America.

• With Transavia, Air France attempting a takeoff in the low-cost

No way to leave Ryanair and easyJet monopoly on flights at bargain prices. Air France launched in spring 2007 its own low-cost airline, called Transavia, which carried 1.3 million passengers last year. From Orly-Sud, Lyon, Nantes and Marseille, eight Boeing 737-800 provide scheduled and unscheduled, mainly to the Mediterranean countries. These destinations are not served by Air France. The group does not wish to organize their own competition in order to avoid any risk of cannibalization. A draft Domestic Transavia has been abandoned.

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LE FIGARO. Why launch this new brand, B & You?

Olivier ROUSSAT .- Today, with the success of smartphones and mobile Internet, a whole segment of customers has become an expert. They can do many things for themselves via the Internet without the need for assistance. For them we run B & You. It's very innovative. Five years ago, this kind of customer did not exist.

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In recent months, the market has sharply segmented into two blocks, with one side clients who are willing to pay for expensive packages smartphones with many services and, on the other clients are doing by them themselves but want less expensive packages.They are equally distributed among all operators.

How is it innovative?

B & You is a new concept: a revolutionary price, a non-binding offer, all in full on the Internet. All this together, it had never been done. We are entering a new era of data, and we are only in infancy. We are in the early history of digital homes.

You offer no phone packages included. Is this the end of the model based on the grant, which strike the costs of operators?

For the operator, in terms of value is almost equivalent: either we subsidize the phone, and packages are more expensive, or we make the economy of the phone, and we are making this economy the customer by lowering the price of his crime.In the same vein, the fact that everything happens on the Internet can not charge the cost of distribution in stores, and the customer relations center.

On the issue of commitment, is a way to get ahead of the bill presented by Frédéric Lefebvre?

The government's plan does not prohibit the engagement. What is important is that the customer has a choice. The commitment is absolute evil. Some customers ask for formulas without commitment, others with a commitment sooner or later.

You feel that the TV will be blurred in 20% of households in future 4G mobile. Will you still at the tender 4G?

Yes, because the frequencies are necessary for our business. But such interference will have a major impact: TVs will not work, it will be black screen. TV makers should take into account now.That the State to determine precisely the measures to be taken.

Are not you exaggerating the problem?

The financial impact can be heavy, everyone knows it. In addition, I note that much interference on all frequency blocks, not one.

Why fiber optic only does much to take off?

For our purposes, we are making very good recruiting subscribers and Bbox fiber meets the needs of our customers who expect very high speed. It is true however, that in very dense area, the operators had to deploy four networks in parallel, which is a non-economic sense. We should not repeat this mistake in the medium density areas. Bouygues Telecom hopes that the facilities are pooled as possible between the different operators. This should facilitate investment, therefore the deployment.

There are 140 operators in Europe, against five in China and three in the United States. The concentration is inevitable?

For Bouygues Telecom, there would be no incentive to merge with another operator. On purchases of infrastructure, we are well positioned. And terminals, exclusive agreements are reduced to a very short period.

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"The project of the PS does not the road." The essayist Alain Minc does not beat around the bush to try the program of the Socialist Party should he win the presidential election in 2012.

In addition to his friendship with Martine Aubry, Alain Minc believes that this project is "totally unsuited to the economic situation." "This is a project that was modern in 1981!, Says in an interview with the daily Le Parisien / Today in France. Youth employment is the world of yesterday. We can not, with the blade of the debt so close to our neck, having a Keynesian program. " The essayist and remember that "debt represents 80% of our gross domestic product. 20% is what he had to do to end the crisis. The remaining 60% are the result of thirty years of accumulated cowardice, left and right wing. "

Alain Minc goes even further in his indictment.He said a victory for the Socialist Party in 2012 would be penalized by financial markets. "The application of the socialist project would lose to France's 'AAA'," says Alain Minc. If for now the rating agencies have confirmed the rating of the country, it could be questioned if France did not take more drastic measures to reduce its deficit.

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Among the various proposals of the PS, Alain Minc attacks the merger of the income tax and social contribution. It considers the measure "extremely devastating for the middle class. I have long been convinced that all European countries should increase VAT by 2%. It will not escape, "said he.

Another topic discussed: compensation of top managers.While Nicolas Sarkozy and François Fillon supported the measure to overtax Xavier Bertrand and Jean-Francois Cope was cautious, Alain Minc "tearing his hair" when he sees the boss of Renault, Carlos Ghosn, will reach 10 million euros for fiscal 2010. "The selfishness of the ruling classes should encourage them to be more moderate in terms of pay. I persist and sign: we must know to practice self-regulation, "says he.

On the euro, Alain Minc said the German attitude to save Greece "intelligently selfish." "If Germany was up to the Deutschmark, it would be in recession," said he.

Finally, he welcomed the appointment of Christine Lagarde to head the International Monetary Fund."It's miraculous! Obviously there was a decisive push to Sarkozy, "he enthuses.

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Executives more optimistic about the market environment of the job, but more demanding in their career development and wages. These are the two main lessons of the seventh wave of the barometer Ifop / Cadremploi on the frames and the labor market, to be published tomorrow. For the first time since June 2008, executives are optimistic about the economic developments in employment (56% against 49% last December). Nearly three-quarters also have a positive opinion about their own jobs (72%).

This generally favorable decision must be relativized by two elements identified by the barometer Ifop / Cadremploi: a sense of degradation of working conditions and wage increases perceived as inadequate.And 54% of executives believe the work environment deteriorated and are as likely to be called "strained" relations with their superiors (43% against 29% who disagree). More importantly, 72% of executives still observe an increase in their workload and 69% said the emphasis on productivity increases.

Salaries disappointing

Hand wages, although the proportion of executives who received an increase earlier this year was up 5 points from December 2010 (39% against 34%), they are well below what they expected. 69% of managers have been increased, have been less than 4%. "There is a correlation between the increase seen in 2011 and the level of executive compensation," said the barometer Ifop / Cadremploi. Executives receiving more than 50 000 euros have seen their exceed 4% increase quick guaranteed personal loans.Moreover, nearly one in five executives saw their work is valued through missions or additional responsibilities or most interesting (17%) or by the granting of benefits in kind (16%) or by further consideration (15%) to compensate for the absence or the low pay increase.

Not surprising in these conditions that improved wages still awaiting the first frames: they are now 62% want to earn more, or three points since December 2010. This is the highest level since the first wave of the barometer in June 2008.

Cap on executive pay

To win better wages the French no longer hesitate to look elsewhere and to change employers. "Almost four in ten business (39%) are willing to change companies, an increase of 7 points in one year," said Cadremploi.Also 31% of respondents said "consider a change of occupation and / or business." What do they expect wage increases of mobility? "18% on average" …

Executives, who feel that their leaders do not quickly enough to loosen the purse strings, will also show severe levels of remuneration of top managers. They are in favor of a limitation of the latter, "more than one part in two (52%) say that leaders should receive an amount less than 250,000 euros" is the barometer Ifop / Cadremploi. Compensation deemed "acceptable" is averaging 386,641 euros.

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Young people do not aspire to the job security. According to a TNS Sofres poll * for AEF released Thursday, students in second year Master (Bac +5) want to work primarily in the private sector. They are almost two thirds (61%) wish to find future employment in a company, against only a third (30%) in the public service, hospital, or territorial government. A finding that contrasts with previous surveys on the subject, but that did not exclusively on those college students having similar profiles to those of larger schools.

"A bias-size grave, Danielle Deruy analysis, executive director of the agency specialized in teaching AEF. For students, salvation is not the public! Today they remind us of another image: they like the company and hopefully they will now. "Only literary exception, because of their high palatability (39%) for teaching careers. Among these students graduate and very end of the course, only 5% also aspire to work in an NGO.

Salary underestimated

In detail, their choices reflect the concerns of a new generation assets. The company to which they aspire to be primarily responsive to its employees, dynamic, innovative and socially responsible. So many choices that confirms the ranking of companies in which to work published this Friday, which ranked first on the wishes of the American students Microsoft. About their work, they hope exciting and friendly, allowing them to learn a lot.Have the opportunity to emigrate, however, is unimportant to them: two masters students even put this criterion in last position.

Wishes which are not inconsistent with some realism. A quarter of them want to find their first job in the council, even if much work for "a comfortable salary." Their remuneration does not appear as long as paramount to elect their future employer. In connection with a labor market that they find it difficult to integrate, rather they underestimate their wages will be eligible. And a majority said it would accept an annual salary of less than 25,000 euros per year, or 1730 euros per month. "They still lack a lot of confidence in them," said Danielle Deruy.The director of the AEF recalls that the average salary of first job found by the Agency for the Employment of Executive spring to 2170 euros gross per month.

* Survey conducted among 6365 students from 28 March to 22 April /

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The legend tells that one day, during an international summit, Dominique Strauss-Kahn had dropped to Christine Lagarde, a playful tone that one day he was president he would keep at Bercy. Of course the Minister of Economy has always denied this story and more today, then it appears hour after hour as the favorite candidate to succeed DSK.

Officially, she declined comment. But long before the scandal broke DSK, senior officials in his office did not hide their fear to see her leave Paris for Washington prematurely. They know how much she wants this job and especially that it has all the skills to hold: perfect English, love of U.S. knowledge of the workings of monetary negotiations and all the great leaders of this world … Christine Lagarde CV ideal.Moreover, it is sufficient to formally apply for almost be guaranteed to gather in his name all the votes in Europe, both German Chancellor and Minister of Finance appreciate.

But: it has been mired for months in the case that Tapie place under the threat of a lawsuit by the Court of Justice of the Republic. A sword of Damocles that is bad style court when the former IMF chief languishing in jail. Second question, at this stage: Nicolas Sarkozy is willing to let his Economy Minister in new horizons, to a year in the presidency? Nothing is less certain: the Éysée is currently in radio silence mode