"If I am elected, I do not gèlerai, but I stoop down the salary of the president and ministers of 30%." By November 2011, Francois Hollande had made the campaign promise very symbolic, while Nicolas Sarkozy marked the spirits in increase of 172% net salary (of 7,084 to 19,331 euros) on arrival at the Elysee. Presented at the first cabinet meeting on Thursday by the new prime minister, Jean-Marc Ayrault, the measure was formally adopted, confirmed by several cabinet members. Accordingly, the president and ministers will have their wages fall by 30%. "This is exemplary," explained Jean-Marc Ayrault Wednesday on France 2. This measure will be a decree. But this law, which will not be adopted before June and the election of the National Assembly, "will be retroactive," said the spokesman of the government, Najat Belkacem-Vallaud. It is therefore effective "as of May 15" date of the nomination of Francis Holland as president.

The gross monthly salary of Ministers will therefore decrease of 14,200 euros per month, to 9,940 euros. That of the Prime Minister will also be trimmed from 21,300 euros to 14,910 euros gross. Like, finally, the compensation of the President of the Republic which is equivalent to the Prime Minister. With a plane that has a surprising consequence. Ex-Ministers continue to earn more than their successors for another six months. Indeed, each team member Francois Fillon retain his salary during this period. A privilege granted to all former ministers, who lose their theory, however, other benefits.

In the camp of the UMP, the reactions to this first measure of government have not kept waiting. Jean-Francois Cope, the party's general secretary, described the pay cut of "deception" on Twitter.

I denounce the imposture, the clannishness and demagoguery are the appointment of the first steps of @ fhollande ump.org / news / esp

. – Jean-Francois Cope (@ jf_cope) May 17, 2012

It explains, in a statement, the government has Ayrault "14 members of more" than the first Fillon government. "We go from 15 ministers, four secretaries of state and a High Commissioner to 34 ministers and deputy ministers, an increase of 65%. Wage cuts of 30% can not hide this fact: the government of Francois Hollande will be far more costly to the taxpayer. "

Largest decline in Europe

If they come later than in other European countries, this decline in compensation of government is by far the strongest. One of the first to take this measure, as he tried to impose on his country a vast austerity plan, was the Irish Prime Minister Brian Cowen. From 2009, he had reduced his salary and that of his ministers by 15%. In the process, in May 2010, Spain followed the movement by announcing a 15% reduction of salaries of its ministers. In the UK, the British prime minister, David Cameron, newly installed in power, his ministers imposed a 5% decrease in their pay. A dry diet made subsequently by Italy and Portugal, among others.

In Europe a constraint to fiscal Germany still appears a prosperous island. While the German economy grew by 2% annual rate in the first quarter, Angela Merkel and her ministers were granted for the first time in twelve years an increase of wages. The Cabinet decided on Wednesday to a 5.7% increase in three stages by August 2013, bringing the salary of Angela Merkel to about 17,016 euros gross per month and those of his ministers to about 13,795 euros.

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After stealing a vehicle, the insured must receive a settlement offer from the insurer within 30 days. The amount of compensation is the estimated value of the vehicle during flight. If, after this period of 30 days, the vehicle is recovered, the insured can choose between:

-Keep compensation from the insurer and give the vehicle

-Recover the vehicle and refund the compensation to the insurance company. Where appropriate and subject to the safeguards in the contract the insurer will take over the repairs necessary for its restoration.

Namely: if the vehicle is recovered before payment of compensation, it must be based on the amount of any necessary repairs.

Settlement period for property damage

In case of damage the delays are different. Indeed, the insurer then has three months (from the claim) to make a settlement offer. The compensation must then be paid within a month.

Where a claim is caused by a natural disaster, the regulation of the latter must be made within 3 months following the publication of the interministerial decree in the Official Gazette.

Settlement period for personal injury

In this case the insured should receive an offer of settlement from its insurer within eight months after the disaster instant credit report. If the insured dies after the disaster, his beneficiaries should receive a settlement offer from the insurer within the same after their claim. The compensation must then be paid within a month.

Non-compliance with these deadlines

If the insurer does not meet the deadlines related to the settlement offer and the settlement itself, the insured may consider legal action. Indeed, if the settlement offer was not made within the period, the compensation due interest income on the basis of twice the legal interest rate. Interest is calculated from the expiry of the deadline until actual settlement of the claim or the final judicial decision.  

If the payment of compensation is not made within the time allowed, the compensation also produces interest:

-Based on the guideline plus 50% during first 2 months after the deadline,

-On the basis of twice the legal rate after expiry of 2 months.

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They are young, teeming with ideas, with a bright professional future and – especially – refuse to see leave a ruined world. The crisis that is sweeping the Western economies over the past four years and upsetting the global equilibrium leads to a resurgence of activism among young entrepreneurs. Alongside institutional think tanks – Davos and other circles of economists – forums bringing together young leaders "of tomorrow" are multiplying on the planet. And, more recently, now these kids want to be heard from their elders.

One of the oldest forums, the St. Gallen Symposium will meet for the 42nd time in Switzerland, 3 and 4 May. 200 young entrepreneurs, teachers or students compare their ideas to "deal with the risks" threatening the planet, watched by 600 business leaders or senior officials, including several "guest stars" – Josef Ackermann (Deutsche Bank) and Jean -Claude Trichet (former President of the ECB).

But in the East also arise new think tanks wanting to prove that their young entrepreneurs are equally able to invite the sharing of growth. Created in Rhodes in 2010, the Youth Forum, an offshoot of the think-tank based Time Youth in the Czech Republic is one of them. His goal, happy idealist, is "to reconcile the views of emerging nations" to "lay the foundations for a better future."

300 youth from 70 countries, activists, environmentalists, industrialists but also specialists in new technologies meet once a year to get to know and "create the world of their dreams," aided by economists or experts phenomena societal. All under the protective wing of the "Global Forum of World Civilization".

Groundswell

The forum that promotes traditional values ​​intends to "strengthen cultural exchanges on an equal basis," says one who directs, Vladimir Yakunin, President of Russian Railways and close to Vladimir Putin. "Clearly, today, we can not conceive of unilateral world." Fed on an example that of Russia: "We have in our country 190 nationalities and 80 different faiths cohabiting together, and the only way to achieve this is to let mingle our histories and traditions on an equal footing, without that one takes precedence over the other, "says the Russian leader.

A speech that collects a strong chord with young activists from the developing world, who want to invite to the table of developed countries. "The bipolar world is finished," said the businessman and political leader of India, Sam Pitroda at the last Youth Forum held in New Delhi in late March. "The American model based on consumption can not agree to the three billion poor people who have access to anything," he added. For the latter, which could contribute to the post of President of India, in 2013, "we must build a new world, a new model, based on connectivity."

Anecdotally, even idealistic, seen from France, young people reflect these forums, in fact, a fundamental shift, in parallel with the emergence of Brics, from which emerges a desire to make its voice heard on a global scale, for the fast-growing economies. And when one is surprised to see yet few young Europeans to participate are answered on the side of the Youth Time, that "the ultimate goal is obviously to attract more young Western entrepreneurs, to enhance dialogue and exchanges. "

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Not a word has filtered out of the conversation between Nicolas Sarkozy and PSA boss Philippe Varin. For nearly an hour, the two men met at the Elysee about the factory in Aulnay-sous-Bois in Seine Saint-Denis. The future of this plant, which employs over 3,300 people, would be threatened, unions fear. The presidency as the automotive group has declined to comment on leaving the meeting.

Nicolas Sarkozy wanted to convince Philippe Varin to organize a roundtable discussion with unions and industry minister, Eric Besson, "next week" to discuss the future of the site. A request of the unions, the president-candidate met Thursday at his campaign headquarters.

"All done" to save the plant

Nicolas Sarkozy said on Friday, on the antenna of i-TV: he will "do anything to save this plant." For him, it must "ease the burden on the wages of employees and the contributions of the company." He recalled that the business tax that has weighed deleted "250 euro per car manufactured in France." "It's fine to say that the cars must be manufactured in France, but if you put on in France making more taxes than elsewhere, there is a relocation," he concluded.

The unions said they were somewhat reassured after their head to head with Nicolas Sarkozy business cards design. "The words we hear a lot, but the words fly away, we want it written guarantees, said Jean-Pierre Mercier, the CGT. We play our skin. "And not just employees of PSA 9000 with direct and indirect jobs, PSA Aulnay is one of the largest employers in Seine-Saint-Denis, according to the General Council.

The record of the Aulnay plant is back on center stage last weekend. The unions had then expressed their disappointment after a meeting between employee representatives and management organized by the prefect of Seine Saint-Denis. But the concern of unions as of June 2011 and the disclosure of internal working documents of the automaker speculating a closure of Aulnay. Unions fear that the decline in production will continue and lead eventually to a cessation of activity on this site.

"We want to continue working"

In recent months the government has stepped up operations in the industrial thorny issues. Latest success, the recovery of the carrier Sernam by Geodis. In the case of Peugeot, the unions are skeptical, as expressed by Jean-Pierre Mercier Thursday: "We all know that the management of Peugeot expects the presidential and legislative elections to officially announce the closure of this factory, we are unwilling not die, we want to continue working. "

The worst of the debt crisis past, the "peripheral countries" do not enjoy all of the lull. Italy borrows almost three times cheaper than Portugal, the country most at risk in the euro zone, after Greece, according to the markets.

Began in December by the massive injection of liquidity by the ECB, relaxing on the yields of government bonds has increased with the green light to the second bailout of Greece. But it did not erase the differences. The gaps widen, reflected changes in interest rates. Italy clearly winning out with a cost of borrowing to ten years, which is strongly relaxed since early January, falling below 5% – 4.83 yesterday – against 7.5% last November. For the first time in months, Italy borrows cheaper than Spain.

Emissions Italian week confirm this relaxation. Wednesday, the Italian Treasury has borrowed 6 billion euros, the maximum, at rates much lower: 2.76% over three years, against 3.41% in mid-February, and 4.30% over seven years, against 5.81% last October. "The decline in yields is in itself a source of very substantial improvement in the situation of the country, which suffers mainly a problem of debt burden (1900000000000)," said Patrick Jacq, rate analyst BNP Paribas. This is the effect Mario Monti. Thanks to the reforms announced, the curves were reversed ten years between Italy and Spain.

New help

Despite the massive purchases of Spanish debt on the ECB funds at year end, Spain just to reassure markets. The upward revision of the deficits from 2011 to 8.5% of GDP and the trade snatched from the Ecofin on Tuesday on a new deficit target for 2012, 5.3% instead of 4.4% worried investors. The Government Leader Mariano Rajoy, who campaigned for 5.8%, ruled yesterday the new EU objective "reasonably accessible" even if it involves an effort further 5 billion euros.

The dunce cap comes in Portugal, whose rates exceed 13% ten years, despite the level of EU support, the IMF and debt purchases by the ECB. The cost of borrowing is too high for Portuguese expect a return on the market in 2013. So, the rumors about a second bailout or restructuring of debt is increasing. The European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs, Olli Rehn, was expected Wednesday night in Lisbon to take stock of the nation's finances with the Prime Minister and Minister of Finance.

Berlin: 22 billion for the European fund

The German government approved Wednesday by the Cabinet, the on-call rescue the euro area. The European Stability Mechanism (SPM) has a $ 500 billion of lending capacity and 80 billion euros of capital. He will take office on July 1. Germany is the largest contributor of TSS.

Berlin will provide 21.7 billion euros in capital and more than 150 billion euros in the form of loan guarantees. Germany must pay 8.7 billion euros this year. Which will require a supplementary budget. The MES will be submitted to the Bundestag and the Bundesrat, which represents the regional states.

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It is in the Christofle workshops in Saint-Denis, near Paris, where the Assizes are held the craft, the Secretary of State for Crafts and SMEs today unveiled a thirty measures. Frederic Lefebvre also presents the first dictionary of trades and crafts made by the Higher Institute of trades. While the economic slowdown weakens small companies, the government has sought to limit their cash flow problems. The State must pay the bills upon receipt of an amount less than 5000 euros. "I wrote to all the major French companies and representatives of local communities so that they apply the same rule," says Frédéric Lefebvre.

The artisans can compete more easily for the procurement of up to 15,000 euros, against 4,000 euros previously. "There are thousands of markets that they are going to get easier. We work to promote the hiring of apprentices as an element of choice for businesses in public procurement. Finally, I remain determined to convince the public purchasers to join our project of setting up a central website for the TPE easily know where to find listings of government procurement, "said Frederic Lefebvre.

Transmission and recovery companies will be encouraged. "We will develop regional branches of repayable advances of funds, with the chambers of trade and craft areas and support networks that help entrepreneurs such OSEO and Siagi, said Secretary of State . We will provide an opportunity for buyers to keep an artisan when staff have over 10 employees. Today, a cottage industry, when it is created, is to use up to 10 employees; in the future, a buyer may acquire a company employing 20 employees without it losing its status as an artisan. ".. …… Develop exports

A government portal, listing the aid that can benefit small-scale entrepreneurs, will be implemented. Artisans will participate in the commission of reducing paperwork, composed equally of government officials and business leaders, which will be implemented on March 19. "About 10 measures will reduce and simplify the calculation and payment of social contributions. For example, the Contractor may choose the monthly or quarterly surveys of its social security contributions. The lag between the time of its collection of revenues and the payment of social security contributions will be reduced, "says Frédéric Lefebvre.

The poles for Innovation of Crafts will be developed. "I hope that the craftsmen and designers collaborate more. I am setting up a double signature "made by" with the name of the craftsman and "designed by" with the name of designer, enabling artisans to defend their talent and authenticity in the global marketplace, "explains Frédéric Lefebvre . The cabinetmaker Rinck won a solid commercial success by working with Philippe Starck and other designers. Hundred thousand euros will be allocated to projects where a designer and craftsman have worked together.

To develop the exports made by artisans, which exceed 6 billion euros a year, Paris Airport opens the first half of a space dedicated to the craft at the airport of Roissy-Charles de Gaulle. Spaces of the art of French living will be opened in New York and Tokyo. "I hope that the great American fortunes, Asian, South American or Russian sponsor of French craftsmen labeled" business of living heritage and crafts. " Artisans will be able to win new business, "says Frédéric Lefebvre. This operation sponsorship will be launched in the first half in Moscow and Miami.

Conclusion of the Secretary of State, who does not forget the campaign: "Artisans are strong pillars of France defended the president. They embody the work, a key value that France remains the fifth largest economy. They create jobs, growth, and defend the identity of the territories. "

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This is an open secret, Greece will not reimburse at best a small part of his debts. In practice, three-way open to it. Either to agree with its private creditors who accept a "voluntary extinction" of their assets or negotiate a "partial default" in accordance with its European partners. Or, finally, walk out, like Argentina in 2001, called a "disorderly default."

On the merits, all three perspectives are not so different as they seem at first glance. Buenos Aires was finally concluded in 2005, a restructuring agreement with its creditors, who agreed to lose 65% of their assets. A huge sacrifice, but less than the "palm" of 73% currently proposed to the creditors of Athens, according to Jean Lemierre encryption, one of their main representatives in the discussions.

It comes out of the ambiguity that his injury

Moreover, the "voluntary" nature of the PSI, the Private Sector Involvement, where creditors agree to commit hara-kiri is a total hypocrisy. It's like "confessions during the Spanish Inquisition," recently remarked President of Commerzbank Martin Blessing. It expresses a widespread feeling among his colleagues and much more in the Greek pension funds. For them, three quarters of the savings are invested in securities of their state, the loss will be huge, whereas exposure to Greece is only 1% of GDP in the euro area for international investors (according the BIS figures).

But, as everyone knows, no one leaves ambiguity as its detriment. Breaking fiction would volunteer to accept a "partial default". However, as repeatedly stated since the summer of 2011 Jean-Claude Trichet and Mario Draghi, his successor as head of the ECB, the latter would be forced overnight to refuse the Greek securities pledged loans that it offers to banks Hellenic. It would be to bankrupt the entire banking system of Greece, with a further loss of 173 billion euros for the ECB, obliged to make a cross on the Greek paper it holds (retired or in outright purchases ).

As for the third option, a "disorderly failure", the international consequences would be far more dramatic than in the case of Argentina. The shock wave would destabilize the rest of Europe. The IIF, the bank lobby, estimated at 1,000 billion euros losses for banks because of their financial ramifications cross. They consider to be a Gordian knot impossible to untie except slicing. Which would amount to a bank crash cause at least as serious as the crisis following the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008.

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As soon as the telecom regulator (ARCEP) she reiterated that Free Mobile fulfilling its obligations in terms of coverage, the network of the new telephone is again controversial. He knows since Friday morning strong disturbances that affect customer communications. The magnitude of the incident remains unknown, Iliad, the parent of Free, refused to give details. But for France Telecom, under contract to Free Mobile, it would be a "major incident".

Disturbances may be caused by the failure of one of the two "signaling equipment" Free Mobile needed to find the phones.

Orange wants to keep his distance. The incumbent is linked to Free Mobile "a roaming agreement" which allows customers to use the Free Orange network in areas where Free has not yet developed its own coverage. "Free us informed in the late morning of an incident on its network equipment. This incident is in no way related to the contract of homelessness in Orange network, "said a spokesman for France Telecom fast cash loans.

No "quality testing service"

The incident revived the controversy over the quality of service of the fourth mobile operator. Tuesday, Arcep confirmed before an Assembly committee that Free Mobile covered at least 27% of the French population, a regulatory requirement for anyone holding a mobile telephone license. The regulatory authority, however, that it had made "coverage tests" and not "test quality of service."

For other telephone companies, possess Free Mobile Network "cheap" or "empty". They accuse him and his relay off voluntarily and not to develop its infrastructure to rest on those of Orange, better and more extensive. It is estimated that over 90% of calls made by customers Free pass through its network.

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Small businesses with fewer than 20 employees (TPE) through a difficult period. "They are in survival mode. They no longer have the slow growth of France, said Jean-Marc Jaumouillé, director of professional techniques in Fiducial. They suffered more in 2011 than in 2008 and 2009. They did not contribute to wealth creation in the second half of last year. Only 20% showed an increase in their revenues above inflation. "

According to the 45th quarterly barometer of TPE made by Ifop for Fiducial, small employers have not created jobs last year. 82% have stabilized their numbers. 10% have cut jobs. They are only 7% have increased their staff. "This is one of the worst year for employment since 2002," says Jean-Marc Jaumouillé.

Small employers monitor carefully the evolution of the payroll. They were limited to 1.7% wage increases for their employees last year. However, the situation varies across sectors. A company has upgraded four of less than 1% wages. 18% gave an increase of more than 4%. They are all to have frozen wages.

Assuming a stabilization of their sales in the first quarter, small businesses are cautious for 2012. The average wage increases should be limited to 1.2%. But 42% of small employers that will provide zero or less than 1%. "One good sign. For the first time since 2008, a perceived tightening of access to credit has fallen to 15% while it was never dropped below 20% since 2008, "says Jean-Marc Jaumouillé.

Employees overtime takers

While the debate on working time is one of the key topics of the presidential campaign, half of the patrons of TPE (49%) practice a working week not exceeding 35 hours, against 44% in October 2007 . One in ten exceeds 39 hours, against 21% in October 2007. "The law Tepa introduced in August 2007 that would allow firms to relax the 35 hours has had limited impact. She did not call for air hoped, "says Jean-Marc Jaumouillé.

As in October 2007, 47% of businesses use regularly to overtime. TPE over eight in ten (82%) pay them according to the legal scale. One in three places recoveries. One in five exceptional bonuses.

For their part, employees are increasingly likely to want to work overtime. They are 55% to 26% against the wish five years ago.

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SNCF will release on February 16 as "good" annual results, in the words of its leadership. Yet they will undergo a severe movement of the plane. On 14 February, the president of SNCF, Guillaume Pepy, unveiled to participants of a seminar on "business model TGV" that his group would carry out an impairment of € 700 million on its TGV . "The value of TGV, now in the books of the SNCF, amounts to nearly 4.5 billion euros," he said, according LaTribune.fr who reports his remarks. We will depreciate the 700 million euros because we have too many trains and they are mostly old. "

The fleet has 457 SNCF trains whose average age is 17 years. This decision comes as the SNCF profitability of the branch TGV group – very profitable long – has deteriorated in recent years. An evolution largely attributed by the public company to the concomitant increase in tolls which it must pay with Réseau Ferré de France (RFF), owner of the tract payday loans for bad credit. Since late last week, SNCF and RFF have agreed on changes in rates of tolls until 2018. Guillaume Pepy was this medium-term visibility a prerequisite for engaging in orders for new trains. He said Tuesday that such investments would only be possible when the operating margin of the travel industry would reach 20%. Or it tops out at 14% today.

Until 2015, the fleet will continue to welcome new trains: 15 "Euro Duplex" will be delivered by Alstom in 2012, 11 in 2013, 11 in 2014 and seven in 2015. According to its chief financial officer, David Azema, who intervenaitle February 15 parliamentary days when the rail is in fact particularly after 2025 that the station should replace trains end of life.

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