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It is in the Christofle workshops in Saint-Denis, near Paris, where the Assizes are held the craft, the Secretary of State for Crafts and SMEs today unveiled a thirty measures. Frederic Lefebvre also presents the first dictionary of trades and crafts made by the Higher Institute of trades. While the economic slowdown weakens small companies, the government has sought to limit their cash flow problems. The State must pay the bills upon receipt of an amount less than 5000 euros. "I wrote to all the major French companies and representatives of local communities so that they apply the same rule," says Frédéric Lefebvre.

The artisans can compete more easily for the procurement of up to 15,000 euros, against 4,000 euros previously. "There are thousands of markets that they are going to get easier. We work to promote the hiring of apprentices as an element of choice for businesses in public procurement. Finally, I remain determined to convince the public purchasers to join our project of setting up a central website for the TPE easily know where to find listings of government procurement, "said Frederic Lefebvre.

Transmission and recovery companies will be encouraged. "We will develop regional branches of repayable advances of funds, with the chambers of trade and craft areas and support networks that help entrepreneurs such OSEO and Siagi, said Secretary of State . We will provide an opportunity for buyers to keep an artisan when staff have over 10 employees. Today, a cottage industry, when it is created, is to use up to 10 employees; in the future, a buyer may acquire a company employing 20 employees without it losing its status as an artisan. ".. …… Develop exports

A government portal, listing the aid that can benefit small-scale entrepreneurs, will be implemented. Artisans will participate in the commission of reducing paperwork, composed equally of government officials and business leaders, which will be implemented on March 19. "About 10 measures will reduce and simplify the calculation and payment of social contributions. For example, the Contractor may choose the monthly or quarterly surveys of its social security contributions. The lag between the time of its collection of revenues and the payment of social security contributions will be reduced, "says Frédéric Lefebvre.

The poles for Innovation of Crafts will be developed. "I hope that the craftsmen and designers collaborate more. I am setting up a double signature "made by" with the name of the craftsman and "designed by" with the name of designer, enabling artisans to defend their talent and authenticity in the global marketplace, "explains Frédéric Lefebvre . The cabinetmaker Rinck won a solid commercial success by working with Philippe Starck and other designers. Hundred thousand euros will be allocated to projects where a designer and craftsman have worked together.

To develop the exports made by artisans, which exceed 6 billion euros a year, Paris Airport opens the first half of a space dedicated to the craft at the airport of Roissy-Charles de Gaulle. Spaces of the art of French living will be opened in New York and Tokyo. "I hope that the great American fortunes, Asian, South American or Russian sponsor of French craftsmen labeled" business of living heritage and crafts. " Artisans will be able to win new business, "says Frédéric Lefebvre. This operation sponsorship will be launched in the first half in Moscow and Miami.

Conclusion of the Secretary of State, who does not forget the campaign: "Artisans are strong pillars of France defended the president. They embody the work, a key value that France remains the fifth largest economy. They create jobs, growth, and defend the identity of the territories. "

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Personal loans and other revolving loans no longer seduce the French. In January, output fell by 7.4% compared to January 2011, according to the ASF (French Association of Financial Companies). Last year, after a strong first quarter (+9.3%), it had already begun a sharp decline: – 1.8% in the second quarter – the third and 3.7% – 4.5% in the fourth . "The French market fell to its 2000 level. Production in 2011 was 14% below the historic peak of 2007, "said Bruno Salmon, president of the ASF.

The revolving credit continues to decline

To explain this disaffection, professionals invoke the loss of consumer confidence in an economic anxiety, but also lower sales of new cars, and therefore the associated credits. The car loans decreased by 14.5% in January over the same month last year, and 7.8% over the last three months.

Also involved, the law Lagarde who oversaw the marketing of revolving credit, these "reserves" of money in which the borrower draws at will as and its needs.

This law compels such professionals to offer clients an alternative to the revolving loan in excess of 1000 euros. They must also include in each monthly payment a minimum repayment of capital. The loan term is shortened, and the amount becomes smaller. Revolving credit is transformed gradually into a cash credit for small amounts, for short periods, for small repetitive purchases.

The impact of the law Lagarde

"The law Lagarde has reduced from 12% to 15% of the openings of new revolving loans and a decrease of 20% of new uses of credit lines already open," said Francoise Guillabert Palle, general delegate of the ASF.

In total, the production of these loans fell by 6.1% in 2011. This is the fourth consecutive year of decline. They also represent more than 35% of consumer loans made by members of the ASF, against 40% in 2009.

In a recent study, the French Banking Federation (FBF) also emphasized the lower French interest in the consumer credit. Only 3.6% of respondents were planning to buy one within six months, against 4.1% a year earlier.

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Apple has concerns for the rich. What to do with $ 100 billion in free cash? The question is more embarrassing than it seems for Apple. It happens more a presentation of results without the fuse questions from analysts on the subject. They call for the resumption of dividend-practice abandoned by a moribund Apple in 1995 – the establishment of a share buyback program or acquisitions. Even Tim Cook, Apple chief executive, admitted late February that his group has "too much cash", fueling rumors of a possible resumption of dividends. But this is not so simple.

Two-thirds of the cash Apple are outside the United States. The repatriation of this war chest, including the form of dividends, would have a huge fiscal cost. It could cost more than $ 22 billion in taxes, according to Bespoke Investment Group. The geographic dispersion of cash Apple is primarily due to its organization based on many subsidiaries abroad. With a first consequence: some countries, like China or Russia, limit lift cash. Apple is "sentenced" to spend there or all of the profits.

But the Californian company is also a willing victim in other territories. As Microsoft or Google, Apple has found his tax haven in Ireland. A small expatriation that allows Apple to display an average tax rate of 24.2% worldwide for its fiscal year 2011. Ten points lower than the average tax rate for U.S. companies.

This type of organization, however, has absolutely nothing special. All multinationals, or almost, have adopted the same legal and tax scheme. This selection draws the ire of American protest groups, who dream of seeing repatriated profits and taxed in the United States. Faced with these attacks, such multinationals, united in a group called Win America, do not hesitate to conduct intensive lobbying campaigns aimed at getting a tax amnesty.

More acquisitions

Failing to do this, each brings its solutions. For Apple, it passes through acquisitions of companies abroad. End of 2011, the U.S. has set his sights on Anobit, an Israeli start-up specializing in flash memory, paid $ 500 million. A transaction modest by Apple, but the most important of the last fifteen years. And that could foreshadow other. Apple also raised equity investments in production facilities in Asia, which would also be a way to secure its supplies. To takeovers abroad could finally be added that of patent portfolios. Apple has already completed several major transactions in this area, although for the moment, they were all performed in the United States.

Finally, the development of Apple Store (owned stores) is a good way to reinvest the cash. Tim Cook, Apple chief executive, has reaffirmed its commitment to strengthen the distribution network. Since we do lend to the rich, there is talk now of the upcoming Apple Store opening on the Champs-Elysees.

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The debt crisis in Europe continues to impose experiencing this ritual to Angela Merkel and her center-right coalition. As in the previous six votes, in which MPs have urged the German solidarity towards the euro area, the approval by the Bundestag of the second bailout Greek turned yesterday at Calvary for the Chancellor, threatening its majority an existential crisis. Monday, she called politicians to approve the plan of 130 billion euros, for which the German contribution will be $ 35 billion, saying any other way "irresponsible" as the risks of bankruptcy of Greece are "incalculable ". However, Merkel has obtained the ratification of the Bundestag that through the voice of the opposition, throwing his government in limbo.

"The risks of turning away from Greece are incalculable, Merkel warned before the elected lower house of Parliament. Nobody can anticipate the consequences of the German economy, on Italy, on Spain, on the whole euro area and for the world "would have a bankruptcy of Greece. "I can not throw myself into the adventure, my oath forbade me," she said. Before insisting once again on the dramatic challenge: "If the euro fails, Europe is lost. If the euro wins, Europe wins. "

The Bavarian conservatives had turned up the heat in recent days by calling to stop pouring money into "a bottomless pit." Many elected Merkel of the CDU feel that Greece is a "lost cause". Result: The Chancellor received only 304 votes out of 311 needed to gather his own majority. The humiliation is even larger than the text was adopted by an overwhelming majority of 496 deputies, with the votes of the opposition instant payday loan. Some elected opposition will surely call early elections. For doubt now weighs on the viability of the Merkel government by the next legislative elections in 2013.

Soothe the discontent

The conservative chancellor acknowledged that "the path that opens before Greece is long and certainly not without risk." "This also applies to the success of the new program, no one can give guarantee 100% success," she added. His finance minister, Wolfgang Schäuble warned MPs in a letter last week that it was probably not the last time they had to look at the Greek case. "The Bundestag will vote a third package for Greece," predicted Steinbrück for his part, is the opposition Social Democrats, during the parliamentary debate.

To try to calm the discontent in his camp (conservative CDU / CSU and liberal FDP), the Chancellor reiterated that his Government had "no need for a debate on increasing the volume of rescue mechanisms" to work (EFSF) and future (MES). A response to the demands of the G20, the last weekend, which was insufficient to convince its members. Following the appointment of a consensus candidate wanted by the opposition, Joachim Gauck, as president, Merkel cash their second defeat in a week.

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The financial and economic crisis in full swing throughout the world, with its procession of bankruptcies, plant closures and layoffs? But lo and behold, it does not stress CEOs unduly: this is certainly the result of a study conducted by the audit firm and consultancy, Grant Thornton, with 6000 companies worldwide .

According to figures from the International Business Report, the rate of business leaders saying be stressed has never been so low for seven years at the global level, 28% (it reached 45% in 2010). The phenomenon is identical to the European level, with a stress level in company from 40% in 2010 to 22% in 2011.

Another lesson for the least surprising, who would have thought that France is part of the least stressed in the world: this is a reality, says Grant Thornton. It is indeed in France found the rate of the lowest stress patterns, with 29% against 34% at EU level.

For Jean-Jacques Pichon, partner at Grant Thornton, "these figures are encouraging but the stress level within companies is still high. However, satisfaction and well-being of employees are important data for growing businesses, "says he.

The Southeast Asia is the region of the globe where we find the highest proportion of employers stressed (44%), however, a figure lower than in 2010 (58%). And large countries, the study highlights a perfect correlation between the worsening economic crisis and soaring job stress, "the three European countries have undergone the recession and the biggest increase in stress level in 2011 are Greece (67%), Spain (37%) and Italy (32%), "she says No teletrak payday loan. In contrast, only 5% of Danes and 8% of Finns said they had been stressed during the year.

Need a holiday

The causes of stress are varied but the primary concern of business leaders is "to achieve the performance goals." Then come the workload, the internal politics of the company and the balance of work life / personal life.

To evacuate "the evil of the XXI century", which still costs € 20 billion for European companies, the International Business Report recommends several remedies: play sport regularly, delegating tasks, better organize the teams, keep pace regular work … and take more vacations!

Countries with rates lower the stress are those in which firms make the most of holidays. This is the case of France, but also Denmark, the Netherlands and Russia. "Obviously, with employees who feel rested, better about themselves, who can control their stress and make decisions with a clear vision, performance for the company is considerable," says Jean-Jacques Pichon.

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Airlines in the world play the shows. While the carbon tax was introduced on 1 January by the European Union in respect of all airlines that fly over the European area, the latter will be forced to carry them out in spring 2013. Time for States to shout out loud that "their" companies will not pay. India, Russia, China … a total of 26 members, not least, on 36 of the Aviation Organisation (ICAO) are resisting. In the U.S., the House of Representatives voted late last year to ban text to American companies to pay.

Like China, reiterated yesterday that his refusal to comply with European legislation, most Member States of ICAO criticize legislation "regional" which will result in new financial burdens. The system of emissions trading scheme set up by the Union provides that companies normally open in the coming weeks "Account" with their national administration of civil aviation and implement a system to measure their CO2 emissions.

Doubly penalized

In March 2013, then they should pay the amount corresponding to 15% of 2012 emissions by the amount per tonne of CO2. And China has calculated that his companies would have to pay 97 million euros for 2012 and four times in 2020. In total, the measure would cost € 705 million to companies in the world, still under 2012.

Penalties set by the Commision are of two types: a fine of 100 euros per tonne of CO2 emissions and, even more dissuasive, the flight ban in the European Union. But, meanwhile, out states may also set up an arsenal of retaliation. It may include trade measures in respect of Airbus, the European aircraft manufacturer, whose best customers are called China Southern, China Eastern and Air China but also India Indigo Air Asia or Malaysia.

Leaders of European companies fear they will be doubly penalized. First, because they are inherently more vulnerable to European tax. On the other hand, because they also fear being victims of these countries slingers. "These states may ask us to pay a landing fee that would offset the amount that our competitors outside Europe have to pay when coming home," is concerned officer of a company of the Old Continent. The European Commissioner for Climate Connie Hedegaard judge it just increase the ticket prices a few dollars to offset it. An argument inaudible at times of crisis.

However, companies seem to rely on the slow pace of international decisions for a relaxation of regulations occurring before the first deadline for payment of this tax, in principle the first quarter of 2013.

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• "Fear is back"

President Nicolas Sarkozy said Thursday in Toulon that "fear has returned," that "for France to lose control of his destiny" in the crisis of the euro area. The Head of State spoke of "this fear that destroys trust" and "that paralyzes consumers, which prevents the investor to invest, the contractor undertaking the boss to hire the banker to lend" , ensuring that "the only way of averting this fear is to tell the truth."

• A cycle of debt

Nicolas Sarkozy announced a "new cycle", that of "deleveraging, which will bring the balance of the economy to work and production that developed countries have tended to sacrifice too."

Card for Teens, Young booklet, ready to license one euro a day, student savings, credit card and battery removal on the Internet for children of 12 years, life insurance Special darlings …. Having invested heavily to the youth market, banks raise one last taboo by attacking 6-10 years.

It's Societe Generale, which sets the tone by launching the first website dedicated to financial education for children. A large reinforcements of advertising campaigns, which involved Gourmaud Jamy, is television youth with his "It's not rocket science" on France 3, the banking group has the smallest raise money, investors and underwriters in the making of contracts ."Because tomorrow is getting ready today," argues there be building on this "living tool that will grow with the children."

Informational and edutainment, abcbanque.fr offers editorial content, interactive videos, games for the value of things and a management tool pocket money. With a username and a password, the child can manage their virtual piggy bank and establish its projects from its budget, as calculated the cost of a gift for his parents.

"Succeeding in later life financial"

"Birthday, Christmas, little mouse … even for the smallest, there are many opportunities to fill their piggy banks.

China, U.S., Brazil, Japan … For two days in Cannes, the speech was unanimous: "Saving the euro to save us from ourselves." On the way to do this, however, and on the money to gamble, there are still far from the cup and the lip.

Twisted smile politely explaining the Japanese representative "wait for clarification techniques on European political situation," sharp statement of the President of Brazil, Dilma Rousseff, which "does not intend to contribute directly to the European financial stability while European refrain "… As summarized brutally German Chancellor Angela Merkel," there is hardly anyone in the G20 to invest in the European financial stability "-the EFSF, which is used to avoid spread of the debt crisis to other countries, after Greece.

After a G20 parasitized by this crisis of European sovereign debt, the French presidency has nevertheless saved the point. The twenty richest countries have agreed to "boost growth, create jobs and ensure financial stability." An important phrase in the context of global economic slowdown the temptation of protectionism and isolationism is very strong. But unlike the summits in London and Pittsburg, in 2008 and 2009, no figures dramatically to install confidence and restart the machine. Fiscal imbalances of the major developed countries prevent it.

"A successful but more work"

Paris has nonetheless achieved significant progress in convincing every country to take action at his level to stimulate its economy.

Wall Street has been won by the pessimism Monday. The Dow Jones ended down sharply from 2.13% to 11.397 points, after rising 4.9% last week. Nasdaq in turn yields 1.98% to 2614.92 points and the S & P 500, wider, lost 1.94% to 1200.86 points.

The New York indexes, which were due up, opened in the red, sealed by the doubts that have entered the European markets at mid-session. The German Minister of Economics Wolfgang Schäuble has indeed warned that the EU summit to be held in Brussels Sunday will not lead to a definitive solution to the debt crisis.

This weekend, the European central bankers have expressed their determination to end the debt crisis at the G20 Finance in Paris. The Europeans have promised to respond "comprehensive and lasting peace" to the debt crisis."Advanced countries will adopt, taking into account their respective national circumstances, policies to strengthen the confidence and support growth and implement measures clear, credible and targeted to rebalance public finances" stressed the finance ministers in their statement. Specifically, they promise to make a decision at the European Summit of October 23, described as "decisive" on Saturday by Minister of Economy Baroin. Attempted to reassure the ECB President Jean-Claude Trichet said the euro was "not threatened", but called on all Europeans to be "extra vigilant" with regard to public finances.

In the same tone, Christine Lagarde, has also shown confidence in the capabilities International Monetary Fund (IMF) to come and play firefighters, as appropriate, to countries in difficulty.In Europe a microphone, the director of the institution determined that its resources were "appropriate" and "in line", sweeping the wish of several European countries to strengthen its capacity in anticipation of a bankruptcy of Athens.

Barack Obama and his savings plan

Across the Atlantic, investors also await details of the savings plan of Barack Obama. Last Friday, the country's budget deficit reached 8.7% of GDP in 2010-2011, 0.3 points less than in the previous year, according to the Treasury. Knowing that in absolute terms, the fiscal gap widened slightly to 0.4% from fiscal 2010 to rise above 1.299 trillion dollars, making it the second largest deficit the country's history.

In terms of indicators, the United States, industrial activity in the region of New York came out down $ 8 no fax pay day loan.48 in October.A contraction is stronger than expected. Industrial production has in turn increased by 0.2%, as expected.

On the currency side, the euro lost ground against the dollar on Monday after briefly climbed above $ 1.39 for the first time in a month. To 22 hours (French time), the European currency is worth 1.3744 dollars against 1.3881 dollars on Friday night.

For their part, oil prices are down. In New York, a barrel of light crude lost 42 cents to 86.38 dollars.

Values ​​of the day

A salvo of results announcements in the banking and technology is expected this week.

On Monday, banking stocks are tested: JPMorgan Chase 2.67% to 31.04 loose dollars, Bank of America 2.42% to 6.04 dollars. Wells Fargo fall of 8.44% to 24.42 dollars after reporting a decrease of 4% of its turnover. Morgan Stanley 0.26% to nibble 15.26 dollars.

Citigroup lost 1.65% to 27.93 dollars despite the publication of a net profit up 74% in the third quarter, above expectations.

As for technology stocks, Apple lost 0.48% to 419.99 dollars. The company announced the Apple selling 4 million copies of its iPhone 4S. The Canadian Research in Motion, maker of the Blackberry, falling 6.55% to 22.40 dollars.

Kinder Morgan (4.83% to 28.19 dollars): The U.S. company to transport energy products announced Sunday it would buy its rival El Paso (24.81 to 24.45 dollars) to $ 21 billion , about 38 billion with debt, and thus form the largest pipeline network in the United States.Based in Houston, Texas (south), the new company will have an enterprise value of $ 94 billion, Kinder Morgan said in a statement.

Statoil (1.73% to 24.64 dollars): The Norwegian oil company announced Monday the acquisition of the American Brigham Exploration Company (21.05% to 36.75 dollars) to $ 4.7 billion ( 3.4 billion euros), which will allow it to grow stronger in non-conventional hydrocarbons in the United States. This acquisition gives Statoil access to deposits of oil shale Bakken and Three Forks in the Williston Basin in the states of North Dakota and Montana.

British Petroleum (0.73% to 40.17 dollars) Columbiaa The oil company said Monday that he would receive a payment of $ 4 billion in cash from the U.S. Anadarko as co-payments related to the disaster of the Gulf of Mexico.